经典软件工程方法

问题定义 -> 需求 -> 分析 -> 设计 -> 编码 -> 测试 -> 维护

software process

• the way we produce software, 以人为主体
  • evolution model
  • waterfall model
  • Iterative-and-incremental Process Models

waterfall model

evolution-tree life-cycle model

at the end of each episode we have a baseline: a complete set of artifacts

artifact: a constituent component of a software product

Iterative-and-incremental Process Models

• Incrementation(增量): 指对于产品的功能上、模块上的增加
• Iteration(迭代): 指增量部分仍然使用相同的流程来开发

generic process framework

• framework activities
  • Communication
  • Planning
  • Modeling
  • Construction
  • Deployment
• umbrella activities：普适性活动，是所有框架性活动都会涉及到的
  • project tracking and control
  • risk management
  • quality assurance
  • configuration management
  • technical reviews

software life-cycle model

• a description of the steps that should be performed when building a software product，从软件自身来看
• core workflows in life-cycles
  • Requirements workflow
  • Analysis workflow
  • Design workflow
  • Implementation workflow
  • Test workflow

Code-and-Fix life-cycle model

waterfall life-cycle model

or classic life cycle

• Communication - Planning - Modeling - Construction - Deployment

Rapid-prototyping life-cycle model

V-model

Spiral life-cycle model

Spiral model ≈ Prototyping model + waterfall model

Full spiral life-cycle model