pinhole camera

  • near plane - far plane
  • NDC: normalized device coordinate space
    • 从 (0,0,0) 到 (1,1,1)
    • 设备无关
  • Raster space: NDC 乘以分辨率
  • look-at Transformation
  • Orthographic projection
  • Perspective project
  • 坐标系汇总
    • World space:场景坐标系
    • Object space:以物体为中心的坐标系
    • Camera space:(orgin: camera position, z: viewing direction, y: updirection)
    • Normalized device space
    • Raster space: from (0,0,0) to (xRes, yRes, 1)

thin lens

  • 薄透镜:光线只折射一次
  • 光线
    • Parallel Ray
    • Focal Ray
    • Chief Ray
  • $\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}$
  • Depth of Field:the range of distances from the lens at which objects appear in focus
  • Circle of confusion(coc)
  • 五位空间采样
    • x,y 采样
    • u,v 透镜采样
    • 时间采样
  • 真实相机特有效果
    • Vignetting 渐晕:亮度不均匀;打到一个透镜后,能量无法全部打到第二个透镜
    • Distortion 镜头畸变(鱼眼镜头)
    • Chromatic Aberration:不同颜色的光的折射率不同
    • Bokeh 散焦:高光由于镜头原因出现散斑
    • Lens Flare:拍特别亮的光源出现多组亮光;透镜出现反射 Interflection